COMPORTAMENTO DE CÁTIONS EM SOLO CULTIVADO COM MILHO IRRIGADO COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA DE SUINOCULTURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2012v17n1p56Abstract
1 RESUMO
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os cátions lixiviados em lisímetros de drenagem preenchidos com solo tipo Latossolo vermelho distroférrico típico, cultivados com milho irrigado com água residuária de suinocultura (ARS). Os fatores estudados foram a adubação química em dois níveis (50% e 75% do N recomendado para a cultura do milho na semeadura) e ARS em quatro níveis (112,5, 225,0, 337,5 e 450 m3 ha-1) aplicados ao longo da cultura. A irrigação foi realizada intercalando água e ARS a cada 15 dias. Os cátions avaliados no solo e no percolado foram K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+. O delineamento experimental foi em esquema fatorial 4x2, com três repetições por tratamento e avaliações em quatro períodos do desenvolvimento da planta. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Os resultados apontam que as concentrações médias dos lixiviados foram maiores para os elementos químicos estudados na seguinte ordem: Na+> K+ > Ca2+ >Mg2+. As taxas da água residuária de suinocultura produziram, proporcionalmente, maiores concentrações médias nos lixiviados para Na+, apenas no último período avaliado. A adubação química influenciou nas maiores concentrações do K+ lixiviado. De modo geral, ao longo do experimento, foram observadas maiores concentrações de Ca2+ e Mg2+ no solo e de Na+ no lixiviado.
Palavras-chave: efluente, reuso de água, lisímetro.
CATIONS LEACHING IN CORN CULTIVATED SOIL IRRIGATED WITH SWINE WASTEWATER
2 ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to evaluate the cation´s leaching in drainage lysimeters filled with Red distroficoLatossolo cultivated with corn irrigated with swine wastewater. The factors and levels of treatments were: four levels of swine wastewater (112.5, 225.0, 337.5 and 450.0 m3 ha-1), two levels of chemical fertilization (50% and 75% of N recommended) and three repetitions. The irrigation was made by applying alternating, water and swine wastewater, every 15 days. The evaluated cations in the soil and in percolated were K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+. The experimental design was made in a 4x2 factorial scheme with three repetitions per treatment and four periods of evaluation during the plant’s growth season. The mean evaluation was compared by Tukey test at 5% significance. The leaching´s concentrations were larger for the chemical elements in the following order: Na+> K+ > Ca2+> Mg2+. In general, swine wastewater levels produced proportional larger concentrations in the leaching of Na+, only on the last evaluated period. The chemical fertilization influenced the largest concentrations of the K+ leaching. The largest concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+occurred in the soil while Na+ occurred in leaching.
Keywords: effluent, water reuse, lysimeter
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