DETERMINATION OF WATER EVAPORATION IN SURFACE RESERVOIRS COVERED BY DIFFERENT FLOATING AQUATIC PLANTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2024v29p185-190Abstract
DETERMINAÇÃO DA EVAPORAÇÃO DA ÁGUA EM RESERVATÓRIOS SUPERFICIAIS COBERTOS POR DIFERENTES PLANTAS AQUÁTICAS FLUTUANTES
Marco Antônio Rosa de Carvalho1; Lilian Cristina Castro de Carvalho1; Lorena Oliveira de Sousa1; Vinicius Albuquerque da Silva1 E Guilherme Barroso de Lima1
1Eixo de Recursos Naturais, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará (IFCE), Campus Sobral, Av. Dr. Guarany, 317, Bairro Derby Clube, CEP 62.042-030, Sobral, Ceará, Brasil, E-mail: marcorosa@ifce.edu.br; liliancarv@ifce.edu.br; loreninha_oliveira@hotmail.com; albuquerque.vinicius60@aluno.ifce.edu.br; guilherme.barroso63@aluno.ifce.edu.br
1 RESUMO
A região Nordeste do Brasil, com suas condições de semiárido, vem sofrendo constante período de seca devido aos altos índices de evaporação que apresenta, em alguns casos 300 % acima da pluviosidade. Tais índices propiciam grandes perdas para a região, de uma forma geral, e mesmo para o país. A presente pesquisa estudou uma das ferramentas para controle da evaporação em reservatórios superficiais – plantas aquáticas flutuantes. O trabalho foi realizado na Zona Rural do município de Senador Pompeu-CE, local representativo do semiárido cearense, onde foram instaladas cinco caixas d’água (fabricadas por material plástico) de 310 litros, com diferentes coberturas, para se determinar as taxas de evaporação e evapotranspiração durante três meses de observação. O delineamento foi inteiramente aleatorizado com cinco tratamentos, sendo cada cobertura um tratamento, são eles: área livre de cobertura, com cobertura de taboa (Typha domingensis), com cobertura de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus), com cobertura de aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes) e com cobertura de alface d’água (Pistia stratiotes). Os dados dos tratamentos estudados foram submetidos à análise de variância sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 1%.
Palavras-chave: evaporímetros, macrófitas aquáticas, açude.
Carvalho, M. A. R.; Carvalho, L. C. C.; Sousa, L. O.; Silva, V. A.; Lima, G. B.
DETERMINATION OF WATER EVAPORATION IN SURFACE RESERVOIRS COVERED BY DIFFERENT FLOATING AQUATIC PLANTS
2 ABSTRACT
The Northeast Region of Brazil, with its semiarid conditions, has been experiencing constant periods of drought due to high evaporation rates, which, in some cases, are 300% greater than the amount of rainfall. Such rates cause great losses for the region in general and even for the country. This research investigated one of the tools for controlling evaporation in surface reservoirs—floating aquatic plants. The work was carried out in the rural area of the municipality of Senador Pompeu-CE, a representative location of the semiarid region of Ceará, where five 310-liter water tanks (made of plastic material) with different coverings were installed to determine the evaporation and evapotranspiration rates during three months of observation. The design was completely randomized with five treatments, with each cover being a treatment, namely, an area free of cover, a cover of cattail (Typha domingensis), a cover of nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), a cover of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and a cover of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes). The data from the studied treatments were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared via Tukey's test at 1%.
Keywords: evaporimeters, aquatic macrophytes, reservoir.
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