SIMULATION OF THE SEQUENTIAL WATER BALANCE AND THE NEED FOR IRRIGATION FOR SOYBEAN CROPS IN TWENTY AGRICULTURAL YEARS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2023v28n1p164-175Abstract
SIMULAÇÃO DO BALANÇO HÍDRICO SEQUENCIAL E DA NECESSIDADE DE IRRIGAÇÃO PARA A CULTURA DA SOJA EM VINTE ANOS AGRÍCOLAS
JOHAN ASSMANN1 E ZANANDRA BOFF DE OLIVEIRA1
1 Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Campus Cachoeira do Sul, Curso de Engenharia Agrícola, Rodovia Taufik Germano, 3013, Passo D'Areia, CEP. 96503-205, Cachoeira do Sul/RS, Brasil, johanassmann1@gmail.com, zanandra.oliveira@ufsm.br.
1 RESUMO
O presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar a simulação do balanço hídrico sequencial e da necessidade de irrigação para a cultura da soja em 20 anos agrícolas (2001 a 2022) na região edafoclimática de Cachoeira do Sul – RS. Realizou-se uma simulação inicial (modelo CROPWAT 8.0) a partir de dados observados durante a realização de experimento de campo com a cultura da soja no ano agrícola 2021/22, aonde foram coletados todos os dados de entrada necessários. Após, foram realizadas outras 20 simulações para todos os anos agrícolas entre 2001-2 e 2021-22 mantendo os parâmetros observados no agrícola 2021-22 e alterando apenas as chuvas durante o ciclo da cultura. Os valores de chuva acumuladas ao longo do ciclo da soja variaram entre 284 e 1084 mm e a demanda por irrigação suplementar entre 75 e 345 mm. Do total, foram nove anos com chuvas acima da média dos dados, demandando em média 129 mm de irrigação e onze anos com chuvas abaixo da média dos dados, com uma demanda média de 205 mm de irrigação suplementar. A necessidade da irrigação é dependente da distribuição regular das chuvas ao longo do ciclo devido ao melhor aproveitamento da chuva efetiva.
Palavras-chave: Glycine max. Cropwat. Requerimento hídrico.
ASSMANN, J.; OLIVEIRA, Z. B. de
SIMULATION OF THE SEQUENTIAL WATER BALANCE AND THE NEED FOR IRRIGATION FOR SOYBEAN CROPS IN TWENTY AGRICULTURAL YEARS
2 ABSTRACT
The present study aims to carry out the simulation of the sequential water balance and the need for irrigation for the soybean crop in 20 agricultural years (2001 to 2022) in the edaphoclimatic region of Cachoeira do Sul - RS. An initial simulation was carried out (CROPWAT 8.0 model) based on data observed during the field experiment with the soybean crop in the 2021/22 agricultural year, where all the necessary input data were collected. Afterwards, another 20 simulations were carried out for all agricultural years between 2001-2 and 2021-22, maintaining the parameters observed in the 2021-22 agricultural year and changing only the rainfall during the crop cycle. Accumulated rainfall values throughout the soybean cycle varied between 284 and 1084 mm and the demand for supplementary irrigation between 75 and 345 mm. Of the total, there were nine years with rainfall above the data average, demanding an average of 129 mm of irrigation and eleven years with rainfall below the data average, with an average demand of 205 mm of supplementary irrigation. The need for irrigation is dependent on the regular distribution of rainfall throughout the cycle due to better use of effective rainfall.
Keywords: Glycine max. Cropwat. Water requirement.
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