AVALIAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS GENÉTICOS DE RESISTÊNCIA A ANTIBIÓTICOS EM ÁREA SOB INFLUÊNCIA DA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO COM EFLUENTE TRATADO DE UMA GRANJA DE SUINOCULTURA

Abstract

A swine farm that provides its treated effluent for irrigation of corn was chosen to monitor antibiotic resistance genes. The occurrence and abundance of resistance genes to beta-lactams (blaTEM), macrolides (ermB), quinolones (qnrB), tetracyclines (tetA) and sulfonamides (sul1), in addition to the mobile genetic element integrase class 1 (intI1) and of the gene that estimates total bacteria (16S rRNA) in samples of treated effluent, fertigated soil, soil without a history of direct fertigation, and water from a pond, both located downstream of the fertigated area. Four sampling campaigns were carried out, with the collection of 1 L of treated effluent, five samples of 250 g of each soil, in addition to 2L of water from the weir. The quantification of genes was performed by qPCR with primers corresponding to each gene. All investigated genes and the mobile genetic element int1 were detected in all soil, reservoir water and treated effluent sampling campaigns. The sul1 gene was the most abundant among the samples, with the exception of the weir samples. Comparatively, the sul1 and tetA gene were statistically more abundant in the fertigated soil than in the non-fertigated soil, in all collections.