COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE METODOLOGIAS PARA ESTIMATIVA DE VAZÃO EM CANAL DE IRRIGAÇÃO NO ARROIO CHASQUEIRO/RS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2014v19n1p94Abstract
1 RESUMO
A lei federal de recursos hídricos 9433/97 tem como premissa considerar a água um bem finito e dotado de valor econômico. Dentre as atividades humanas, a que exige maior consumo da água é a agricultura irrigada, e por isso, no distrito de irrigação do Arroio Chasqueiro vem-se buscando maior controle na derivação de vazão aos campos de arroz irrigado. Assim, este trabalho buscou avaliar a vazão distribuída nas áreas ao longo do canal C2, comparando dois métodos para determinação da vazão, a fim de verificar a variação entre os métodos e identificar a necessidade de ajuste do coeficiente de descarga adotado no método dos orifícios. Acredita-se que isto irá contribuir para impulsionar um manejo eficiente da irrigação. Para isso, levantaram-se as áreas atendidas pelo canal adotado e determinaram-se as vazões em diferentes pontos do mesmo, a partir da medida da velocidade de escoamento da água (método do molinete), da análise da relação de níveis a montante, a jusante e da abertura das comportas (método dos orifícios). Posteriormente, os dados obtidos foram comparados para estabelecer as diferenças percentuais. De acordo com os resultados, observou-se variações entre 8,82% e 306,25% nos valores de vazão obtidos entre os dois métodos. Notou-se também que embora a vazão média fornecida estivesse de acordo com a informada pela cooperativa, não era uniforme ao longo do canal 2 evidenciando que a problemática da distribuição de água não estava na não liberação de níveis suficientes para atender as áreas irrigadas e sim na regulagem inadequada das comportas, o que indica a necessidade de realização de novos estudos para calibração das estruturas de controle proporcionando uma medição mais exata das vazões pelo método dos orifícios.
Palavras-chave: curva de descarga; medição de vazão; irrigação por inundação.
LUDWIG, R.; SILVA, D. de M.; DAMÉ, R. de C. F.; TEIXEIRA C. F. A.
COMPARISON BETWEEN METHODS FOR ESTIMATING THE FLOW RATE IN THE IRRIGATION CANAL OF THE CHASQUEIRO/RS STREAM
2 ABSTRACT
The federal law 9433/97 of water resources is based on the premise that water is a finite asset and endowed with economic value. Among the human activities, irrigated agriculture is the one that requires a greater consume of water, and because of this fact, the district of irrigation of the Chasqueiro stream is seeking better control on derivation of water rates to irrigated rice fields. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the flow rate distributed in areas along the C2 canal by comparing 2 methods of flow rate determination. Moreover, the study aimed to analyze the variation between the methods and identify the need for adjustment of the coefficient of discharge adopted in the method of the orifices. It is thought that the study will contribute to promote an efficient management of irrigation. To this end, a survey was conducted to determine the areas served by the canal and the flow rates in different points of it. These parameters were determined based on the speed of water run-off (pygmy meter method), the analysis of upstream and downstream levels and also on the opening of the floodgates at the same points (orifice method). Afterward, data were compared in order to determine percentage differences. According to the results, variations of 8.82% and 306.25% in flow rate values were found between the 2 methods. It was also observed that, although the mean flow rate was according to that provided by the cooperative, it was not uniform through canal 2, revealing that the problem concerning water supply was not based on the release of enough levels to meet the irrigated areas, but on inadequate adjustments of the floodgates. This finding shows the need of further studies on the calibration of structures of control which would lead to more accurate measurement of flow rates by the method of the orifices.
Keywords: discharge curve, water flow measurement, flood irrigation.
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