ALTERNATIVA PARA O CÁLCULO AUTOMÁTICO E ESPACIALIZADO DO FATOR TOPOGRÁFICO DA USLE EM BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2018v1n2p6-13Abstract
ALTERNATIVA PARA O CÁLCULO AUTOMÁTICO E ESPACIALIZADO DO FATOR TOPOGRÁFICO DA USLE EM BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS
FRANCISCO EMANOEL FIRMINO GOMES1; GEORGE LEITE MAMEDE2 E FERNANDO BEZERRA LOPES3
1Departamento de engenharia agrícola/UFC, Doutorando em engenharia agrícola, Fortaleza, CE, Fone:(85)99238-2819, CEP:60440-900, e-mail: emanoelfg@hotmail.com.
2Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável/ UNILAB, Professor Doutor, Redenção, CE, CEP: 62790-000, e-mail: georgemamede@hotmail.com
3Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, UFC, Professor Doutor, Fortaleza, CE, CEP:60440-900, e-mail: lopesfb@ufc.br
1 RESUMO
Dentre os fatores da Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), o fator topográfico é que menos se aproxima da realidade e, em geral, os modelos apresentam elevada complexidade para sua determinação. Neste estudo, portanto objetivou-se calcular o fator topográfico da USLE de maneira simplificada usando técnicas de Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG). Para tanto, foi utilizado dados do Modelo Digital de Elevação - MDE obtido a partir do (SRTM -Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), assim foram calculadas as declividades e os comprimentos de rampas usando processamento dos dados matriciais do MDE, para então estimar o fator topográfico. Os valores de fator topográfico variaram de 0,21 a 9,88 com média de 1,97. As técnicas de sistema de informação geográficas mostraram-se eficientes para o cálculo do fator topográfico a partir do MDE.
Palavras-chave: erosão, topografia de encosta, geoprocessamento.
GOMES, F. E. F.; MAMEDE, G. L.; LOPES, F. B.
ALTERNATIVE FOR THE AUTOMATIC AND SPACIALIZATION OF USLE TOPOGRAPHIC FACTOR IN WATERSHEDS
2 ABSTRACT
Among the factors of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), the topographic factor is that it is less close to reality and, usually, the models used for its determination presents high complexity. In this study, therefore, the main objective was to calculate the topographic factor of the USLE in a simplified way using techniques geographic information system (sig). For that, data from the Digital Elevation Model – DEM was used, derived from the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), so slopes and slope length were calculated by processing of the DEM matrix data, so the topographic factor was estimated. The topographic factor values varying from 0.21 to 9.88 with an average of 1.97. The GIS techniques showed efficient for estimating the topographic factor derived from DEM data base.
Keywords: erosion, topography of hillside, geoprocessing.
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