PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS E INDICADOR DE QUALIDADE DE UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE USO E MANEJO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2007v12n1p27-37Abstract
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS E INDICADOR DE QUALIDADE DE UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE USO E MANEJO
Antonio Angelotti Netto1;Edemo João Fernandes2; José Frederico Centurion3
1PPG-SEA, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo e Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, São Carlos, SP, angeloti@cnpdia.embrapa.br
2Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP
3Departamento de Solos e Adubos, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP
1 RESUMO
Osistemaconvencionaldemanejoepreparodosolotemcomoprincípiobásicoa mecanizaçãointensiva,quealteramaisrápidaesignificativamentesuaspropriedades,especialmenteasfísicas. Oobjetivodessetrabalhofoiobterecompararpropriedadesfísicascomogranulometria,densidade, porosidades,curvaderetençãodeáguaeíndicededegradaçãodeumLatossoloVermelho, submetidoduranteseisanosacultivointensivoepousio. Essasdeterminaçõesforam realizadasemamostrasdesolocoletadas nasprofundidadesde 0,1; 0,2; 0,3; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8 e 1,0 m. Houveumacréscimodeargilacomoaumentodaprofundidadenosolocultivado. Adensidadedosolosobpousiodiminuiucomoincrementodaprofundidade,porém, nacamadaarável (0,3 m) dosolocultivado verificou-se ooposto. Omaiorvolumedeporosfoi constatado nosolocultivado,especialmentenascamadassuperficiais. Namenortensãoaplicada (0,001 MPa) osolocultivado retevemaiságuae apartirde 0,033 MPaistoocorreu nosobpousio. Oíndicemaiselevadodedegradaçãofoiobservadonaprofundidadede 0,1 m dosolosobpousio.Contudo,essevalorfoisuperioràquele(0,020) consideradocomoumsolofisicamentemuitopobre.
UNITERMOS:densidade dosolo, porosidade,retenção deágua,pousio,índice dedegradação
ANGELOTTI NETTO, A.; FERNANDES, E.J.; CENTURION, J.F. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND QUALITY INDICATOR OF A RED LATOSOL UNDER DIFFERENT USE AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
2 ABSTRACT
The conventional system for soil management and preparation has the intensive mechanization as its basic principle and that changes soil properties, especially physical ones, faster and significantly. This study aimed to obtain and compare physical properties such as distribution of particle sizes, density, distribution of pore sizes, curves of water retention and degradation index of a Red Latosol, under intensive cultivation and no-cultivation for six years. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and1.0 m. There was a clay increment as a result of cultivated soil increase. The no-till soil density decreased as depth increased; however, in the arable layer (0.3 m) of the cultivated soil, the opposite was verified. The largest volume of pores was verified in the cultivated soil, especially in the superficial layers. In the smallest applied tension (0.001 MPa), the cultivated soil retained more water; however, starting from 0.033 MPa, the highest humidity values occurred in the no-till soil. The highest degradation index was observed at a depth of0.1 min no-till soil. However, that value was superior (0.020) to what is physically considered very poor soil.
KEYWORDS: bulk density, porosity, water retention, non-cultivated, degradation index.
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