GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN COWPEA CULTIVARS IN FUNCTION OF IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2021v26n2p343-366Abstract
The salinity of soil and water is one of the main abiotic restrictions in food production. The present study was developed at the Federal University of Piauí, in Alvorada do Gurguéia, PI/Brazil, in order to evaluate the effect of irrigation water salinity on the morphophysiology of cowpea cultivars. Five salinity levels of the irrigation water were studied: (0.01, 1.41, 2.81, 4.21 and 5.61 dS m-1); three cultivars: BRS Tumucumaque, BRS Guariba and BRS Imponente and two cultivation periods. A randomized complete block design was used in the split split plot scheme, with four replications. Aerial part dry mass (MSPA), leaf area (AF), leaf area index (IAF), crop growth rate (TCC), relative growth rate (TCR) and liquid assimilation rate (TAL) were evaluated. There was a significant effect of the interaction between factors in all variables analyzed. MSPA, AF and IAF at 25 DAS, showed linear reductions to increases in salinity. BRS Tumucumaque shows greater tolerance to the salinity effects in the final growth phase, with the highest threshold salinity indices for TAL, TCR and TCC. While BRS Guariba is more tolerant in the initial growth phase.
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