RISCO DE DEGRADAÇÃO EM SOLO IRRIGADO DO PERÍMETRO IRRIGADO BAIXO ACARAÚ, CEARÁ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2011v16n4p424Abstract
1 RESUMO
Avaliou-se a adição de sais ao solo pela irrigação e o efeito das chuvas na sua lixiviação, em uma área no Perímetro Irrigado Baixo Acaraú, Ceará, entre março de 2003 e novembro de 2007. As amostras de solo ocorreram bimestralmente na área irrigada e na mata nativa às camadas de 0 a 0,30; 0,30 a 0,60; 0,60 a 0,90 e 0,90 a 1,20 m,. Foram considerados os atributos: condutividade elétrica (CE), Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ e Cl-. Para se qualificar o impacto da irrigação e o efeito das chuvas na lixiviação dos sais aplicou-se o teste t de Student a 1%. Os resultados mostraram concentrações de sais maiores na área irrigada do que na mata nativa para todas as camadas e, embora a Condutividade Elétrica tenha sempre apresentado valores inferiores a 0,52 dS m-1, o impacto da irrigação mostrou-se significativo. A lixiviação dos sais da área irrigada pelas chuvas não foi significativa. O K+ e o Na+ foram os íons que apresentaram maior incremento no solo da área irrigada. Os incrementos para o Na+ e o Cl- a partir de setembro de 2005, em todas as camadas, apresentaram tendência crescente.
Palavras-chave: irrigação, salinidade, lixiviação
SOIL DEGRADATION RISK AT THE BAIXO ACARAÚ IRRIGATED DISTRICT, CEARÁ, BRAZIL
2 ABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to evaluate the addition of salts in the soil by irrigation in long term and the effect of rainfall on leaching of salts from March/2003 to November/2007. It was taken as reference the saline status of soil in the undisturbed land. This study was carried out in the irrigated area located in the Baixo Acarau Irrigated District, Ceará, Brazil. Soils were sampled in the 0 to 0.30; 0.30 to 0.60; 0.60 to 0.90; 0.90 to 1,20 m layers in the irrigated area and in the undisturbed land. In this work was considered the attributes following: electrical conductivity (EC), Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and Cl-. To evaluated irrigation impact and rainfall effect in the salt leaching was applied the t-test at 1% level of significance. Results showed that salt concentration to all layers is higher in the irrigated area than in the under undisturbed land. Although the Electrical Conductivity, has always presented values less than 0,52 dS m-1 the impact of irrigation was significant. Leaching of salts from the irrigated area, through the rain was not significant. K+ and Na+ ions have a higher increase in soil irrigated area. From September 2005 the increments for Na+ and Cl- tended to increase in all layers.
Keywords: irrigation, salinity, leaching
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